{
  "products": [
    {
      "id": "laptop",
      "name": "笔记本电脑",
      "tag": "LAPTOP",
      "image": "laptop-exploded.webp",
      "description": "铝合金、半导体、电池与显示屏，共同组成一台电脑的生命周期。",
      "materials": [
        "铝合金外壳",
        "芯片与电路板",
        "锂离子电池",
        "液晶显示屏"
      ],
      "values": [
        38,
        28,
        3,
        4,
        25,
        2
      ],
      "total": 200,
      "unit": "1台笔记本电脑，假设使用4年",
      "boundary": "从原料获取到最终废弃处理；使用用电与回收均为假设情景。",
      "hotspot": "重点观察：芯片与电池生产，以及使用电力。",
      "difficulty": "数据难点：半导体工艺能耗与供应商边界。",
      "direction": "研究方向：延长使用寿命、维修与低碳电力。"
    },
    {
      "id": "shoe",
      "name": "运动鞋",
      "tag": "SPORTS SHOE",
      "image": "sports-shoe.webp",
      "description": "从鞋底泡沫到鞋面纤维，材料复合结构决定了加工和回收的复杂性。",
      "materials": [
        "EVA泡沫",
        "橡胶外底",
        "聚酯纤维",
        "胶黏剂"
      ],
      "values": [
        52,
        30,
        5,
        6,
        3,
        4
      ],
      "total": 10,
      "unit": "1双运动鞋，假设使用1年",
      "boundary": "从原料获取到最终废弃处理；不包含穿着者活动能耗。",
      "hotspot": "重点观察：材料生产与成型、粘合工艺。",
      "difficulty": "数据难点：复合材料成分和配方的完整性。",
      "direction": "研究方向：材料减量、耐用设计与可拆解结构。"
    },
    {
      "id": "can",
      "name": "铝制饮料罐",
      "tag": "ALUMINUM CAN",
      "image": "aluminum-can.webp",
      "description": "很轻的包装，也连接着原铝、再生铝、冲压和回收体系。",
      "materials": [
        "铝合金罐体",
        "铝制顶盖",
        "内涂层",
        "印刷油墨"
      ],
      "values": [
        68,
        18,
        2,
        7,
        0,
        5
      ],
      "total": 0.1,
      "unit": "1个空铝罐，包装容量330mL",
      "boundary": "从原料获取到空罐最终处置；不含饮料、灌装及冷藏。",
      "hotspot": "重点观察：铝材来源与回收分配规则。",
      "difficulty": "数据难点：再生含量、区域电力与回收去向。",
      "direction": "研究方向：合理轻量化与高质量闭环回收。"
    }
  ],
  "stages": [
    {
      "name": "原材料获取",
      "en": "RAW MATERIALS",
      "title": "从材料的源头开始",
      "image": "raw-material.webp",
      "description": "矿产开采、农作物种植和再生料准备，为产品提供最初的材料输入。",
      "activity": "开采、提炼、材料预处理",
      "emissions": "燃料燃烧、冶炼电力、化学过程",
      "data": "材料牌号、净质量、损耗率、再生含量",
      "factor": "同地域、同技术及相近年份的材料因子",
      "error": "把净质量当成全部投入，或把再生材料视为零碳",
      "impact": "材料来源与用量会影响上游排放的规模。"
    },
    {
      "name": "零部件生产",
      "en": "COMPONENTS",
      "title": "材料变成精密零件",
      "image": "electronics.webp",
      "description": "芯片、显示屏、电池与纺织部件拥有不同工艺，不能仅靠一个材料名称解释。",
      "activity": "半导体制造、电池与零部件加工",
      "emissions": "洁净室用电、过程气体、热处理",
      "data": "零件质量、工艺路线、良率、供应商数据",
      "factor": "技术与工艺具有代表性的部件清单数据",
      "error": "只匹配基础材料，遗漏高能耗工艺",
      "impact": "高复杂度零件可能成为产品排放热点。"
    },
    {
      "name": "产品制造",
      "en": "MANUFACTURING",
      "title": "把零件装配成产品",
      "image": "manufacturing.webp",
      "description": "加工、装配与表面处理所需的能源，应根据合理分配方法归属到产品。",
      "activity": "装配、成型、涂装、测试",
      "emissions": "电力、蒸汽、燃料与工艺损耗",
      "data": "产量、能耗、共产品、废料流向",
      "factor": "匹配电力地域、年份和能源类型",
      "error": "重复计入供应商已包含的工序",
      "impact": "良率和产能利用情景影响单件制造排放。"
    },
    {
      "name": "包装运输",
      "en": "PACKAGING & LOGISTICS",
      "title": "产品走向使用者",
      "image": "transport.webp",
      "description": "包装重量、运输距离与运输方式共同决定这一阶段的核算。",
      "activity": "包装、仓储、干线与末端配送",
      "emissions": "包装材料、电力、运输燃料",
      "data": "包装BOM、质量、距离、载重率、方式",
      "factor": "对应运输方式的吨公里因子",
      "error": "用件数替代运输质量，忽略返程与冷链",
      "impact": "航空运输或低载重率可能明显改变结果。"
    },
    {
      "name": "产品使用",
      "en": "USE & MAINTENANCE",
      "title": "使用情景，改变产品的一生",
      "image": "product-use.webp",
      "description": "使用寿命、耗电水平与维修频率需要明确假设，并进行敏感性分析。",
      "activity": "使用、清洁、维护与维修",
      "emissions": "用电、耗材与替换部件",
      "data": "工作模式、功率、小时数、寿命、维修情景",
      "factor": "使用地区的电力与耗材因子",
      "error": "把额定功率当作全年实际功率",
      "impact": "耐用品的寿命与用电结构可能改变阶段占比。"
    },
    {
      "name": "废弃回收",
      "en": "END OF LIFE",
      "title": "结束，也是下一次开始",
      "image": "recycling.webp",
      "description": "收集、分选和再加工都有负担，回收收益需遵循一致的分配方法。",
      "activity": "回收、拆解、再加工及最终处置",
      "emissions": "运输、再生处理、焚烧与填埋",
      "data": "回收率、损耗、替代材料质量、处置比例",
      "factor": "符合当地处置技术的过程因子",
      "error": "再生输入与寿命末端收益重复计入",
      "impact": "回收情景影响结果，但不能自动抵消全部生产排放。"
    }
  ],
  "materials": [
    {
      "id": "virgin",
      "name": "原生铝外壳 · 基准方案",
      "mass": 0.5,
      "factor": 10,
      "process": 1,
      "assumption": "教学假设：原生材料投入 0.50 kg，加工排放 1 kgCO₂e；不扣除回收收益。"
    },
    {
      "id": "recycled",
      "name": "再生铝外壳 · 替代方案",
      "mass": 0.5,
      "factor": 4,
      "process": 1.2,
      "assumption": "教学假设：保持材料质量与功能要求，采用更低的示例材料因子，但增加预处理负担。再生铝并非零碳。"
    },
    {
      "id": "lightweight",
      "name": "轻量化外壳 · 结构优化",
      "mass": 0.4,
      "factor": 10,
      "process": 1.3,
      "assumption": "教学假设：材料减少 20%，加工负担增加；仅当强度、寿命和良率保持可比时才成立。"
    }
  ],
  "labels": [
    "原材料",
    "制造",
    "包装",
    "运输",
    "使用",
    "废弃处理"
  ],
  "disclaimer": "所有产品总量、占比与材料因子均为教学演示参数，不是实测、数据库估值或产品比较依据。产品总量乘阶段占比得到阶段排放，阶段合计等于总量。"
}